Proceeding International Conference on Sustainable Innovation in Environment
Increasing Destination Competitiveness Through Local Culture-Based Experience Tourism
This study aims to examine how memorable tourism experiences, cultural experiences, authenticity, satisfaction, and local interactions influence tourist loyalty in the context of culture-based experiential tourism in Mandalika, Indonesia. This model was developed not only for theoretical contribution but also as a basis for formulating inclusive and sustainable tourism policy strategies. This research employed a quantitative explanatory approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. Data were collected through a survey of 305 tourists who had visited and participated in cultural activities in Mandalika. The research instrument was a closed-ended questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale, compiled based on indicators from previous literature and adapted to the local context. The results showed that authenticity and local interaction significantly influenced satisfaction, while memorable tourism experiences and local interaction significantly influenced loyalty. Satisfaction was shown to partially mediate the relationship between experience variables and loyalty. Moderation by local interaction was only significant in the relationship between authenticity and satisfaction. This model showed high predictive power, with an R² for satisfaction of 0.932 and loyalty of 0.861. This study makes an important contribution to the development of culture-based tourism in Indonesia. Academically, this model broadens the understanding of tourism experiences that influence tourist behavior. Practically, these results recommend the integration of local culture and community interaction in destination management to increase tourist satisfaction and loyalty. This strategy can strengthen Mandalika's position as a leading destination while encouraging sustainable local economic growth.
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Proceeding International Conference on Sustainable Innovation in Environment
Liquidity and Bank Size: Ownership Dynamics across Developed and Emerging Economies
This study examines the relationship between liquidity and bank size across different ownership types; public, private, and foreign in developed and emerging economies. Using data from 2002 to 2017, the study employs two-step dynamic panel estimation to address endogeneity and heteroskedasticity. The analysis is based on a sample of 81 banks, with data sourced from Compustat and World Development Indicators (WDI). The results reveal a significant relationship between liquidity risk and bank size in public, private, and foreign banks within developed economies, while the relationship is insignificant in emerging economies. This study contributes to the understanding of liquidity dynamics across diverse economic contexts, offering fresh insights into how ownership structures influence the interplay between bank size and liquidity risk.
Formulation and Quality Evaluation of Goat Milk Cosmetic Soap Using Different Vegetable Oil Compositions
This study endeavors to produce and scrutinize goat milk bar soap, given that it assimilates depleted cooking oil that constitutes refined effluent oil, in relation to the standard demands for bar soap (SNI 3532:2021) plus pristine milk criteria (SNI 3141.1-2011), while accentuating ecological matters. Domestic palm and coconut waste oils constitute the chief components, purified through a basic mechanical operation. These components merge using olive oil, goat milk, and NaOH. For production of the soap, temperatures under 50 °C were employed, via the cold process method, followed by curing for 30 days. Subsequent to curing, the soap was assessed in terms of pH, hardness, as well as antibacterial resistance. The pH existed in a span from 9 to 10, with hardness assessed at 2.5–4 kg/cm². Antibacterial tests suppressed Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibiting zones from 0.05 to 1.2 mm, which remain inside the SNI quality limits. These discoveries reveal that utilizing domestic refuse cooking oil to fabricate goat milk bar soap presents an environmentally sound option for waste disposal. Kitchen refuse is thus converted to practical everyday commodities like bath soap.
Analysis of environmental ergonomic factors in the wonogiri white brem industrial center
White Brem is a traditional food originating from Wonogiri Regency. The white brem production center is located in Gebang Village, Nguntoronadi District, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. In this village, white brem has been produced since 1930. The skill of making white brem has been passed down from generation to generation using traditional production facilities and methods. Currently, there are around 20 white brem producers in Gebang Village. It can be said that white brem is one of the pillars of the Gebang Village economy. The purpose of this study is to produce an analysis of environmental ergonomic factors, namely temperature, light intensity, humidity, and noise in the white brem industrial center. Environmental ergonomic factors significantly influence work productivity. This study used a sample of 10 business units. Environmental ergonomic factor data were observed on 9 different days, in 2 production rooms (cooking room and molding room), and at 3 observation times (morning, afternoon, and evening). The measurement results were compared with threshold values ​​in accordance with government regulations regarding work environment conditions. Further analysis was conducted to test whether there were significant differences in environmental ergonomic factors in the 2 production rooms and 3 work periods.. The results of data processing indicate that most of the working environment conditions in the brem industrial center in Gebang Village, Nguntoronadi District, Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia do not meet environmental ergonomic standards, especially in the aspects of temperature, humidity, and light intensity. Comparison with the threshold values ​​according to government regulations shows that: (1) for the temperature and humidity variable, all business units do not meet the threshold value; (2) for the lighting variable, 40% of the cooking room and 30% of the printing room meet the threshold value; and (3) for the noise variable, all business units meet the threshold value. The Kruskal Wallis test shows that there are significant differences in temperature and humidity variables at three working periods. This is a top priority that requires improvement. This paper can be use as a database in conducting ergonomic interventions in the white brem industrial center in Gebang Village
Perceived Barriers among SMEs in Banyuwangi to Engage in Green Entrepreneurship
The transition towards sustainable business practices is critical for addressing environmental challenges and ensuring long-term economic resilience. However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly in developing regions, often face substantial barriers to adopting green entrepreneurship. This study investigates the perceived barriers that hinder SMEs in Banyuwangi, East Java, from implementing environmentally friendly business models. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected from 88 SME owners through structured questionnaires across key sectors such as food processing, handicrafts, and tourism services. The analysis identifies four dominant categories of perceived barriers: (1) limited financial resources and access to green financing; (2) inadequate knowledge and technical skills regarding sustainable practices; (3) weak market demand and unclear economic benefits of green products; and (4) regulatory and institutional constraints, including insufficient local government support and unclear policy guidelines. Additionally, cultural attitudes and traditional business mindsets were found to subtly influence the adoption process. The findings emphasize the need for targeted policy interventions, capacity-building programs, and market incentives to overcome these barriers and foster a supportive ecosystem for green entrepreneurship in Banyuwangi. These insights contribute to the growing body of literature on sustainability in SMEs and offer practical recommendations for policymakers and development agencies aiming to accelerate the green transition at the local level.
The design of molding disposable plates supports eco friendly made of areca nut fronds with temperature control using the pugh method
Styrofoam waste from disposable plates has become a serious environmental issue due to its difficulty to degrade and its pollution of soil, water, and oceans. As a solution, the design of a molding system using areca palm leaf sheaths has been developed as an effort to substitute disposable styrofoam-based plates with eco-friendly plates made from areca palm leaf sheaths, in support of SDGs 12 responsible consumption and production.The objective of this research is to identify the market demand for the most commonly used plate dimensions and to design a molding system for areca palm sheath with integrated temperature control. The research method employed is the Pugh Selection Method, applying six appropriate technology criteria to map user needs and select the best molding concept. Testing was conducted through static analysis to evaluate the structural strength of the main molding components. The results show that the areca sheath molding design includes four key functions: the pressing function, the heating function (heater), the temperature control function, and the cutting function (cutter). Static analysis of the areca sheath molding tool resulted in a maximum Von Mises Stress value of 0.6337 MPa, indicating that the molding design can withstand a pressing force of 19.6 kN without deformation, as this value is far below the material’s yield strength of 275 MPa. The maximum displacement value of 0.0003457 mm reflects minimal geometric shift that could affect the molding accuracy. The minimum and maximum safety factor values, both recorded at 15 ul, indicate that the areca sheath molding system has high resistance to loading and provides significant mechanical protection against.
Utilization of Alang-Alang Fiber (Imperata cylindrica) with Tapioca Matrix as Material for Biodegradable Food Packaging
The fast-food industry's reliance on single-use, non-biodegradable plastics has become a pressing environmental concern, driving global pollution. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly food packaging material by utilizing Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) fibers as the main component, combined with tapioca starch as a natural adhesive. A full factorial experimental method was employed to assess the influence of three key variables: soaking duration of the cogon grass fibers in a 5% NaOH solution (3 hours and 6 hours), material composition ratios (90%:10% and 87.5%:12.5%), and hot-pressing temperatures (125°C and 150°C). Performance tests were conducted to examine the mechanical and physical properties of the material, including bending tests for tensile strength, biodegradability tests to evaluate natural decomposition capability, and moisture content tests to determine humidity levels. The optimal results were achieved with a 3-hour soaking duration, a composition of 90% cogon grass fiber and 10% tapioca starch, and a pressing temperature of 125°C. This configuration yielded a flexural strength of 62.677 MPa, a moisture content of 2%, and a biodegradation rate of 65% within 30 days. These findings suggest that cogon grass fiber composites hold promise as a sustainable alternative for food packaging applications.
Slipper Sandals with Insoles Made from Natural Loofah Fiber Based on Plantar Pressure Distribution to Improve Stability for the Elderly when Walking
The growth of the elderly population in Indonesia is impacting the increasing need for footwear development designed to maintain comfort and walking stability. Even distribution of plantar pressure is one of the important factors in reducing discomfort and the risk of falls. This study aims to evaluate the plantar pressure distribution of loofah natural fiber insoles in slipper sandals compared to hotel sandals in control and elderly groups while walking. Measurements were taken using force-sensing resistor (FSR) sensors at four plantar points: medial forefoot, lateral forefoot, midfoot, and heel. This study involved two groups of female subjects: a control group aged 19–22 years and an elderly group aged ≥60 years. The research results show that loofah slipper sandals reduce the standard deviation value of plantar pressure compared to hotel sandals, both in the control group from 0.1923 to 0.1402 and in the elderly from 0.1415 to 0.1087, indicating a more even distribution of pressure. The adaptive characteristics of loofah to the contours of the foot, along with its fibrous texture, provide gentle tactile stimulation, potentially supporting postural balance. This indicates that loofah insoles could be an environmentally friendly alternative that supports more balanced plantar pressure distribution for the elderly.
Slipper Sandals With Insoles Made From Natural Loofah Fiber Treated With 3% NaOH Based On Plantar Pressure Distribution To Improve The Stability Of Elderly When Walking
The growing elderly population necessitates footwear innovations that improve stability during walking. This study assessed the plantar pressure distribution of hotel slippers and slippers made from natural loofah fiber treated with 3% NaOH to enhance fiber mechanical properties. Plantar pressure was measured using Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) sensors placed at medial forefoot, lateral forefoot, midfoot, and heel. Two female groups participated: a control group aged 19–22 years and an elderly group aged ≥60 years. In the elderly group, slippers loofah achieved a midfoot pressure distribution of 20,82% and heel distribution of 38,02%, which was more balanced compared to hotel slippers with 25,32% at the midfoot and 44,89% at the heel. In the control group, slippers loofah produced 21,68% at the midfoot and 45,90% at the heel, while hotel slippers recorded 25,41% and 51,78%. These results indicate that in the elderly group, slippers reduced peak pressures at specific points and improved load distribution across the sole. In the control group, plantar pressure patterns were relatively stable for both footwear types, though slippers still showed better balance. In conclusion, loofah-based insoles treated with 3% NaOH can promote balanced plantar load distribution and potentially enhance walking stability in the elderly.
Plantar pressure distribution in elderly and control group aged 19-22 years: a comparison between hotel slipper and 5% NaOH treated eco-friendly loofah slipper
Plantar pressure distribution is a critical biomechanical factor in maintaining walking stability in the elderly. This study aimed to compare the plantar pressure distribution between eco-friendly slippers made from loofah treated with 5% NaOH and conventional hotel slippers in two subject groups: a control group aged 19–22 years and an elderly group aged ≥60 years. Measurements were conducted using a force sensing resistor (FSR) sensors placed at the medial forefoot, lateral forefoot, midfoot, and heel areas to map pressure distribution across the plantar surface during the walking phase. In the elderly group, the use of loofah slippers reduced the standard deviation of plantar pressure distribution from 0,143 to 0,096; while in the control group, the reduction was from 0,192 to 0,140. The results demonstrated that loofah slippers provided a more even plantar pressure distribution compared to hotel slippers, particularly in the midfoot and heel areas. This balanced distribution has the potential to reduce excessive pressure on critical foot areas by enhancing comfort and walking stability the two subject groups. These findings suggest that eco-friendly loofah slippers may be considered a sustainable footwear alternative capable of optimizing plantar pressure distribution in the elderly.
Design Of an Automatic Areca Palm Sheath Plate Making Machine Using Press Molding Mechanism
The increasing consumption of single-use plastic plates has contributed to the growing volume of national plastic waste, particularly in the fast-food and online food service sectors. Substituting plastic with natural materials such as areca palm sheath offers a potential solution due to its biodegradable nature, strength, and the absence of additional chemical requirements. The plate-forming process using areca palm sheath involves heat pressing with a manual mold, which reshapes the sheath into disposable plates. However, the manual molding process requires significant human effort, making it inefficient. This study aims to design an efficient and affordable automatic areca palm sheath plate-making machine for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The development method applies the Generic Product Development Process and supported by the Pugh method for optimal design selection. The research outcomes include an automatic plate-making machine featuring a low-carbon steel frame structure, a hydraulic-based molding system with a pressing capacity of 5 tons, and an automatic pressure control system utilizing a PID pressure controller. The safety factor testing result, with a pressing force of 19 kN, yielded a value of 5.46.
Ecological Justice in Brebes Coastal Areas: Community Adaptation to Tidal Flooding and Climate Governance Challenges
Coastal communities are increasingly vulnerable to the compounded impacts of climate change, including sea-level rise and more frequent tidal flooding, which threaten livelihoods, housing security, and ecosystem. In Brebes, Central Java, these challenges are intensified by high population density, dependence on coastal resources, and fragmented environmental governance. This study employs a This study employs a socio-legal approach, using a normative-empirical methodology, to examine how legal norms and climate adaptation policies intersect with the lived realities of affected communities. It integrates doctrinal analysis of national and regional regulations, such as spatial planning policies, disaster risk assessments, and coastal adaptation strategies, with empirical fieldwork involving observations and in-depth interviews with residents, local leaders, and officials from key agencies. The findings reveal that while communities have developed grassroots adaptive strategies, such as house elevation and community-built embankments, these measures remain technical, reactive, and disconnected from structured long-term governance. Government interventions tend to be top-down, short-term, and focused on post-disaster relief, neglecting ecological justice and limiting community participation. Structural barriers, including weak inter-agency coordination, fiscal constraints, and poor accountability, further hinder integration of community-based adaptation into policy frameworks. The study concludes that sustainable and equitable climate resilience requires governance reform embedding ecological justice, local knowledge, and community leadership in adaptation planning.
Model for Regulating the Citizenship Status of Public Officers in Realizing Sustainable Development Policies
The nation and state have a very close bond with each other. The state has obligations towards its citizens as stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Paragraph IV of the Preamble, which states that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia is obliged to protect, promote the general welfare, and educate the life of the Indonesian nation and all Indonesian citizens. Then, every citizen has the right and obligation to participate in national defense efforts and state security. The Constitution has emphasized that presidential and vice-presidential candidates must be Indonesian citizens (WNI) since their birth and have never accepted another citizenship of their own free will. The principle of single loyalty to the state is also very relevant to be applied to other strategic positions in the context of maintaining the integrity and sovereignty of the state. This study aims to develop and establish a model for regulating citizenship status for prospective public officers as an effort to maintain national defense, security, and sovereignty. This research combines two approaches: doctrinal/normative and non-doctrinal/empirical. Restrictions on citizenship status are part of the checks and balances mechanism to ensure that public officers do not bring the interests of foreign countries into play when carrying out government functions to create sustainable development policies.
Preferences of business owners toward technology-based creative business models
This study aims to analyze the preferences or tendencies of business owners toward technology-based creative business models in confronting competition. Having a technology-based creative business model can be a viable option for business owners competing in the digital era. A technology-based creative business model can generate additional value that leads the company toward a competitive advantage. However, on the other hand, some business owners have yet to maximize the implementation of technology in their operations. This, of course, will affect the business model used, causing the value offered to consumers to be suboptimal. The research method employed is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentary study. The results show that technology has a significant impact across all studied sectors. In graphic design, technology supports creativity and collaboration. In fashion, technology facilitates design and production while reducing costs. The culinary sector uses technology for online ordering systems; architecture utilizes technology for project planning; and photography enhances image quality and marketing. These findings affirm that technology functions as the main driver of innovation, improves business processes, and provides a competitive advantage in the digital era.
Characterization of Sorbitol-Enhanced Biodegradable Plastics Made from Jackfruit Seed Starch Using a Completely Randomized Design Approach
The extensive use of conventional plastics, which resist degradation, has caused serious environmental problems, creating the need for eco-friendly alternatives such as biodegradable plastics. Jackfruit seed starch is a promising material that, when combined with plasticizers like sorbitol, can improve flexibility and mechanical properties. This study examines the quality of biodegradable plastics from jackfruit seed starch with sorbitol using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Independent variables were sorbitol concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) and mixing times (5, 10, 15 minutes). Dependent variables included biodegradability, water resistance, functional groups, elongation, thickness, and surface morphology. Plastics were produced at 80°C, 225 rpm, using 12 g starch and 3 mL ethanol. Biodegradability tests showed 25% sorbitol had the highest weight loss (57.2%) with 14 days of degradation. The highest water resistance (54.98%) occurred at 5% sorbitol. Elongation increased with sorbitol content, reaching 30.47% at 25% sorbitol. FTIR analysis confirmed interactions between sorbitol, starch, and ethanol. Product testing showed low-temperature storage maintained quality longer than room temperature. Results indicate that sorbitol concentration significantly affects mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable plastics, while storage temperature influences durability, providing insights for sustainable plastic development.
Reflecting on Renewable Energy Management for the Community According to Hatta
This research examines the current renewable community-based energy governance policy by looking at the interpretation of Article 33 pursuant to the Indonesian Constitutional framework to Hatta where the community in Central Java currently still has obstacles in the form of funding in managing biogas and is very dependent on government assistance and personal funds. This study applies empirical juridical research with a socio-legal perspective. The main source is public opinion in managing biogas which are then complemented by secondary data regarding the elaboration regarding Constitutional Article 33 of Indonesia. The results show that the current policy is not in accordance with what Hatta formulated, namely small-scale natural resource management should be made to prosper the community. The current policy provides more convenience for business actors. Whereas the use of biogas by the community is only for cooking. The urgency to form policies related to the management of renewable energy that make it easier for the community is very important. This research is expected to help formulate good policies for the society’s role in managing Hatta-oriented renewable energy.
Firm value in emerging markets: The role of CSR disclosure, firm size, profitability, and foreign ownership
Globally, companies are expected to achieve financial excellence while enhancing social legitimacy through credible corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures. In Indonesia’s basic materials sector, these expectations are intensified by sustainability pressures, governance challenges, and the influence of foreign investors. This study examines the effects of CSR disclosure, profitability, and firm size on firm value, with foreign ownership as a moderating variable. A quantitative approach was applied to panel data from 2021–2024 for basic materials companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, analyzed using regression with EViews 13. The results reveal that profitability and firm size positively influence firm value, whereas CSR disclosure and foreign ownership have no direct effect. Foreign ownership strengthens the influence of profitability and firm size but does not moderate the CSR–firm value relationship. These findings contribute to emerging market literature and suggest that enhancing CSR quality and strategically engaging foreign investors can support long-term value creation.
A Bibliometric Review of Entrepreneurship Research in the Financial Sector: Trends, Themes, and Global Collaboration
In today’s digital economy, entrepreneurship in the financial services sector plays an increasingly vital role in fostering inclusive growth, empowering micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), and expanding access to financial services. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 989 publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) from 1997 to 2025 to map the evolution, patterns, and thematic structure of academic literature in this domain. The results reveal a significant growth in publication volume, with an annual growth rate of 17.66%, reflecting rising scholarly interest in topics such as fintech innovation, microfinance, and financial inclusion. Using the Bibliometrix package in R, this study identifies the most influential authors, journals, and countries—highlighting the dominance of the United States and China in terms of productivity, with Sustainability and Small Business Economics emerging as the most prolific journals. Conceptual structures, analyzed through thematic mapping and keyword co-occurrence, demonstrate a shift in research focus from traditional themes like microfinance and poverty alleviation toward contemporary issues such as digital finance and entrepreneurial technologies. Despite the rapid expansion of literature, a substantial gap remains in developing an integrated framework that encompasses diverse forms of financial entrepreneurship—including cooperatives, fintech, Islamic microfinance, and hybrid models—across institutional, social, and community dimensions. This study provides a comprehensive mapping of the scholarly landscape and offers future research directions that emphasize cross-disciplinary collaboration, regulatory responsiveness, and the socio-economic impacts of financial entrepreneurship. The findings serve as a critical reference for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in developing an inclusive and sustainable financial entrepreneurship ecosystem.
The Influence of Halal Risk Perception and Cognitive Dissonance on Purchase Intention Toward Products Without Halal Certification Among Muslim MSME Consumers in Indonesia
This study investigates the impact of perceived halal risk, cognitive dissonance, and health risk on brand image, trust, and consumer purchase intentions among Muslim consumers. Data was collected from 221 Muslim respondents and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3. The study tests eight hypotheses, revealing that perceived halal risk positively influences both brand image and trust, with higher levels of perceived halal risk leading to more favorable brand perceptions and increased consumer trust. In contrast, cognitive dissonance and health risk demonstrate more complex effects. Cognitive dissonance negatively impacts trust but has no significant effect on brand image, while health risk also reduces trust, although the effect is weaker. Brand image and trust are found to significantly influence consumers' intention to buy, with trust being the most influential factor. These results suggest that businesses should focus on halal certification and ethical practices to build trust and enhance brand image, while also addressing cognitive dissonance and health-related concerns to maintain consumer trust. The study emphasizes the importance of brand image and trust as critical drivers of purchase intentions and underscores the value of using SmartPLS 3 for SEM analysis in consumer behavior research.
Protecting Children’s Rights in Indonesia’s Digital Landscape: Between Innovation and Legal Safeguards
The rapid growth of digital technology in Indonesia has reshaped the way children interact, learn, and socialize, but it has also introduced serious risks such as cyberbullying, online exploitation, and data privacy violations. This research aims to analyze the adequacy of Indonesia’s legal framework in protecting children’s rights in digital spaces and to explore ways of integrating such protection into digital governance without hampering technological progress. Employing a normative juridical (doctrinal) approach, the study examines national legislation in light of international human rights standards such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 25, the GDPR, and the Age-Appropriate Design Code. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s regulations are still predominantly system- and innovation-focused, leaving significant legal gaps in addressing child-specific digital risks. To overcome these shortcomings, the study recommends integrating the best interests of the child into all digital policies through child impact assessments, adopting safety by design and privacy by design principles, enhancing digital literacy among children and parents, and strengthening international cooperation. Such measures would enable Indonesia’s digital governance to maintain technological innovation while ensuring comprehensive protection of children in the digital environment.
Mitigating the Impact of Aircraft Noise on the Functional Pattern of Open Spaces around Adi Soemarmo Airport, Boyolali
The automatic operational noise of Commercial Aircraft ( CA ) and Fighter Aircraft ( FA ) engines causes latent disturbances to the surrounding physical and non-physical. Based on the measurement results, especially when landing, the noise pressure of Commercial Aircraft feels loud and gets louder when touching the runway starting from the take-down marking, aiming point until approaching the stop. Meanwhile, for Fighter Aircraft, the flight duration is continuous and without landing on the runway for a certain period of time. The movement formation of Fighter Aircraft has generated very loud noise, so that it has an impact on causing vibrations in the surrounding environment as well as the nerves of the head and heart. The research was conducted using a qualitative (descriptive) method to read quantitative data. The quantitative data is in the form of a dependent variable, namely open space area, distance between open spaces, time and settlements.Meanwhile, the independent variable is a table of noise from commercial aircraft and fighter aircraft during March and April 2025. The research results explain the open space pattern based on the zoning of aircraft noise areas, which require residential-scale noise reduction facilities. The radius of the open space area requires the closure of water sources around the airport perimeter fence with iron bars. Meanwhile, the height and type of plants require more low-lying plants to reduce the frequency and waves of aircraft noise (Doppler effect).
Spatial Dysfunction in the Revitalization of Traditional Markets from the Perspective of Sustainable Tourism Development in Surakarta
This research aims to know the effects of spatial dysfunction in a revitalized traditional market on sustainable tourism development in the city, which has potential local wisdom. Spatial dysfunction is defined as the inability of a space to function as intended up to the time of the research. The problem-based research method, with analysis on a multi-dimensional problem, was applied to several required sample case studies. The research findings explain that the spatial dysfunction within revitalized traditional markets is a barrier to developing local wisdom-based tourism. The spatial dysfunction has stimulated internal and external degradations of the building physically and non-physically, negatively impacting the efforts to defend and maintain the essential values of the local wisdom, which is urgent to develop sustainable tourism in the city, such as Surakarta. A redesign concept for spatial dysfunction by considering various aspects of local wisdom is suggested to significantly contribute to supporting sustainable tourism without any physical changes to the existing building.